Modelo para el análisis experimental de esfuerzos intralaminares en materiales compuestos laminados sujetos a carga axial
Keywords:
Composite materials, interlaminar strains, experimental methods, electrical electricalextensometry, axial load.Abstract
The laminated composite materials, commonly used in the automotive and aerospace industries, presents interlaminadres strains in his constituent layers when subjected to external loads, due to the difference in elastic properties of its components. These stresses causes delaminations or flaws called ply separation in the laminated composites.
This article describes the development of a simple analytical model establishing which is used to analyze problems related to axial load laminated composites. With the model can determine the values of the interlaminar strains and global (average) whenever deformation values are known (through instrumentation) measured at the borders of the beams. The model consists of: a) a global constitutive model or complete laminate, and b) for each layer constituting the laminate to form models. To evaluate the mechanical model representative, laminated metal joists and orthotropic joists with epoxy resin layers reinforced with glass fibers were analyzed. Were instrumented specific points located on the boundaries of the compounds with electrical strain gauges, and the specimens were tested using simple tension.
The results obtained showed that the model is reliable and representative, and that can determine the interlaminar and global strais in composite laminates.
