Distrito de energía casi nula mediante la integración de energías renovables: caso de estudio en Valladolid (España)

Abstract

Recently the EU established the new obligations of the member states

towards 2030, which are the reduction of CO2 emissions in 40% with

regards to the values in 1990, the integration of 32% of renewable

energy production, the improvement of energy efficiency in 32.5%

and the establishment of 15% of electric interconnection among

member states. Beyond 2030, the EU establishes also as global target

the decarbonisation of the economy by 2050. While for new buildings

the principles to achieve nearly zero or very efficient buildings are well

established and technically and economically viable, these principles

are less clear in large scale renovations of existing buildings. It is

precisely in renovation where the focus should be to reach climate

neutrality in the coming 30 years due to the high amount of existing

building stock in Europe and the potential that consequently these

urban areas offer. The strategies to achieve nearly zero retrofitted

buildings have to balance technical solutions, economic viability and

integration of renewable sources. Also, the issue of scale becomes

essential, where districts can be considered as a system of complex

interconnections, interactions, relationships and flows that offer

greater flexibility to integrate certain Energy Conservation Measures

(ECMs) or to implement specific business models. Therefore a

comprehensive approach is essential for effective decision-making

with regards to energy efficiency improvement. Thus, approaches for

a comprehensive and integrated renovation of districts are needed to

unlock the full potential existing on retrofitting the building stock.

This paper builds on this element and presents the energy retrofitting

of a residential neighborhood in Spain under the EU funded project

REMOURBAN that has followed an integrated approach to design

the appropriate combination of ECMs leading to 40% of energy

consumption reduction and 85% of CO2 emissions avoided to the

atmosphere.