Integración de recursos renovables y requerimientos de conexión en el sistema eléctrico Español: análisis de datos en instalaciones fotovoltaicas

Abstract

The integration of renewable energy resources into

power systems have increased considerably along the

last decade, mainly encouraged by the development of

new technical solutions and policies promoted as a way

to reduce the energy dependence from third-countries.

For the Spanish case, the remarkable penetration of

renewable energy sources has been mainly driven by

wind and photovoltaic power plants. As a result of these

relevant modifications in the mix of generation, a set

of changes in the grid-code requirements have been

proposed by most governments and mainly focused on

renewable energy resources connected to the grid and

submitted to disturbances (voltage dips). Additionally,

the last draft issued by the Spanish Transmission

Operator System (REE) has provided modifications and

new requirements aiming to support even more severe

disturbances and voltage dips. Under this scenario, the

present paper discusses the evolution of wind farms and

PV power plants in the Spanish power system, describing

the requirements and electrical behaviors of these

sources under disturbances. Both active and reactive

power limits have also described in the paper, including

disconnection constraints.

Real field-test measurements carried out along several

years in different Spanish PV power plants provide a

realistic comparison between collected data and current

grid-code requirements. This study, also included in

the paper, offers a preliminary analysis regarding the

severity of grid-code requirements in comparison with

real disturbances. Moreover, these data give additional

information in reference to the inverter performance

under the presence of disturbances, and their electrical

behavior in current LV PV power plant installations.