Ergonomic risk factors analysis with multi-methodological approach: assessing workers’ activities in buildings under construction

Abstract

The aim of this article is to determinate a biomechanical risk 
analysis method based on a multi-methodological study for highbuildings under construction. This aim bases on the discussion 
related to the discrepancies about the risk analysis technique 
applied due to the differences in terms of risk types and levels 
of risk that different methods provide. The research analyzes 
the known musculoskeletal disorders, injuries, damages and the 
biomechanical risk factors of workers in high-buildings under 
construction. The data collected covers a sample of 150 workers 
(men) in a high building under construction in Spain over a 
12-months period.
The research strategy consisted in the following five stages: Firstly, 
activities were identified and classified in five working groups. 
Secondly, the study applies techniques of direct observation 
to calculate the level of biomechanical risk. Thirdly, the semistructured interview conveyed approaches to obtain specific data 
about signs of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs). 
Fourthly, the study discusses the occupational registered injuries 
by analysis of medical diagnoses. Fifthly, the software tools tested 
provide more details of direct observation techniques as the 
traditional forms to calculate the levels of biomechanical risk.
The results of the multi-methodological research design illustrate 
a phased strategy may be contrasted between the stages and it 
allows a more complete evaluation in order to compare the results. 
The research findings indicate that activities in buildings have a 
strong need to improve the analysis of designing processes in order 
to determinate tailored processes and lessening bodily injuries and 
damages.