Estado del arte de los métodos de refrigeración de los módulos de potencia asociados al vehículo eléctrico

Abstract

Nowadays, the electric vehicle (EV) is the best positioned

option to massively replace traditional combustion engine cars

in the market for medium and long term. Nevertheless, and

despite such optimistic forecasts, there are still many factors

that limit the expansion of its use; the current global EV stock

corresponds to only 0.2% of the total number of passenger

vehicles in circulation.

As far as strictly technological factors are concerned, the EV

must improve its efficiency. The density of the power demanded

by the inverter modules of EVs is high and therefore, cooling

plays a very important role in optimizing the operation and in

the life spam of the device. Thus, its study is essential for an

optimal performance.

In this article, solutions to this problem are proposed, by

analyzing new thermal management strategies and advanced

cooling technologies that allow power electronics to be closer

to meeting the objectives set.

Consequently, an exhaustive review of the state of the art,

current technologies and future trends of cooling techniques

that will make possible the next generation of EVs will

be carried out. The design aspects of the power module

encapsulation will also be analyzed, in order to reduce the

thermal resistance and thus increase the maximum allowable

current.